EVALUATION. QUIZ
Genetic diversity is the result of differences within a species. It is expressed as varieties, cultivars, ecotypes, strains, .. Biodiversity provides information on species richness. To sudy these two kinds of diversity, we use actually biochemical and molecular markers (obtained by electrophoresis) in addition to DNA sequencing
- GENETIC DIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY (5Q). EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
- ELECTROPHORESIS. EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
- MOLECULAR MARKERS. EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
- ELECTROPHOREGRAM and ZYMOGRAM INTERPRETATIONS. EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
- SCIENTIFIC CULTURE
GENETIC DIVERSITY AND MOLECULAR MARKERS (QUIZ)
GENETIC DIVERSITY, BIODIVERSITY (5Q). EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
Q5. The parents of a new baby believe they brought the wrong child home from the hospital. Gel electrophoresis was performed using DNA samples from the parents and the child. A section of the gel electrophoresis results is shown below.
Which conclusion is valid based on the gel electrophoresis results? (make one choice)/1.
- [ ] They have the correct child, because her genetic information is identical to that of the father.
- [ ] They have the wrong child, because her genetic information does not match that of either parent.
- [ ] They have the correct child, because her genetic information came from both parents.
- [ ] They have the wrong child, because her genetic information matches only that of the mother.
ELECTROPHORESIS. EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
Q2. Choose from the list of the following words those that are suitable to fill in the gaps (write in CAPITAL LETTERS, respect the spaces) /1.
- After electrophoresis, proteins could undergo a nonspecific staining by [..........] (choice list: ETHIDIUM BROMIDE, ANTIBODIES, COOMASSIE BLUE, BROMOPHENOL BLUE, ORANGE G).
- However, DNA could undergo a nonspecific revelation by [...............] (choice list: ETHIDIUM BROMIDE, ANTIBODIES, COOMASSIE BLUE, BROMOPHENOL BLUE, ORANGE G).
- Specific revelation of proteins by immunodetection, requires to practice [................] (choice list: WESTERN BLOTTING, SOUTHERN BLOTTING, NORTHERN BLOTTING).
- Specific revelation of DNA by a labeled probe, requires to practice [.................] (choice list: WESTERN BLOTTING, SOUTHERN BLOTTING, NORTHERN BLOTTING)
- Specific revelation of RNA by a labeled probe, requires to practice [.................] (choice list: WESTERN BLOTTING, SOUTHERN BLOTTING, NORTHERN BLOTTING).
MOLECULAR MARKERS. EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
Q2. Choose suitable words to fill gaps (write in CAPITAL LETTERS, be careful of spelling mistakes ) /1.
isoenzymes could be extracted from [.........] material (choice: DRY; FRESH).
They are molecular markers obtained by electrophoresis in [....................] conditions (choice: NON DENATURING; DENATURING),
followed by revelation on gels with a [...............] (choice: COOMASSIE BLUE; ETHIDIUM BROMIDE; SUBSTRATES).
After revelation, we obtain [.................] (choice: ELECTROPHOREGRAM; ZYMOGRAM),
reflecting the [...............] of precise genotypes (choice: ALLELES; PHENOTYPES).
ELECTROPHOREGRAM and ZYMOGRAM INTERPRETATIONS. EXAMPLES OF QUESTIONS
Q11. See the figure below and answer the questions related to gene amplification with PCR -tick a correct answer /1.
Impact of PCR parameters on amplification of 1 kb gene cloned into a 5 kb plasmid.
In this simulation, the PCR parameters are changed compared to the control parameters (shown in the figure below). We launch the test (runs 1, 2, 3, 4) and note the changes affecting yield, purity of gene DNA and time required for full amplification
- [ ] It is the change in the fixing temperature of the primers (annealing) which made it possible to have a better amplification of the gene cloned in the plasmid.
- [ ] It was the increased temperature of DNA elongation (extension) that gave better amplification of the cloned gene in the plasmid.
- [ ] It is the increase in the concentration of the two primers (primers) which led to a better amplification of the gene cloned in the plasmid.
- [ ] Increasing the temperature of DNA elongation (extension) improved the yield of gene amplification by PCR
- [ ] The purity of the DNA of the gene amplified by PCR is influenced by the concentration of the primers, following an inhibition of the elongation.
Q12. The study of the polymorphism of endopeptidases (ENP) extracted from the leaves of 20 individuals of a population of a plant species, made it possible to obtain the following zymogram
Using the zymogram, choose the CORRECT information:tick a correct answer.
[ ] The zymogram shows a migration zone which would result from the expression of 2 loci.
[ ] The locus(loci) codes for an enzyme of dimeric structure.
[ ] The enzyme is under the control of 3 alleles.
[ ] The zymogram shows 4 different genotypes with 1 homozygote and 3 heterozygotes.
[ ] The heterozygosity (percentage of heterozygotes relative to the total) shown by this zymogram is approximately 53%.
Q15. Choose from the list of the following words those that are suitable to fill in the gaps (copy and paste the words in the gaps or write in CAPITAL LETTERS, respect the spaces).
- You choose to study genetic diversity of a species in your country. You prefer to use microsatellite markers (SSR) than RAPD markers, because SSR markers are [............] (choice list: STABLE, CODOMINANT, ABUNDANT, DOMINANT).
- For SSR markers, electrophoresis separates molecules on the basis of their [........] (choice list: POLARITY, SIZE + ELECTRICAL CHARGE, FORM + ELECTRICAL CHARGE, ELECTRICAL CHARGE, FORM).
- The resulted DNA fragments must separated on [POLYACRYLAMIDE] gels (choice list: STARCH, AGAROSE, POLYACRYLAMIDE),
- because, resulting DNA fragments are [...........] (choice list: SHORT, LONG, LINEAR, SUPERCOILED).
- Sometime, we use agarose gels with [........] concentrations (choice list: LOW, MEDIUM, HIGH).
- For working on this type of marker, I need [......] specific primer(s) (choice list: 1, 2).
- Isoenzyme markers and SSR markers share the same property regarding [............] (choice list: DOMINANCE, CODOMINANCE, POLYMORPHISM, ENVIRONMENT EFFECT).
- Compared to RFLP markers, SSR markers do not require [...................] (choice list: SOUTHERN BLOTTING, WESTERN BLOTTING, NORTHERN BLOTTING, SHORT PRIMERS).
- Compared to RAPD markers, SSR markers are [...................] (choice list: DOMINANT, REPRODUCIBLE, LESS POLYMORPH, RANDOM).
- According to my results (see figure), I highlighted [.......] alleles (choice list: 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7),");
and [6] heterozygotes (choice list: 2, 3, 4, 6, 7),
therefore, the heterozygozyty of my population is [.........] genotypes (choice list: 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.6, 0.7).
- Marqueurs Moléculaires:
- TECHNIQUES D'ANALYSE ET DE SEPARATION. ELECTROPHORESE (QCM)
- ELECTROPHORESE et TYPES DE MARQUEURS MOLECULAIRES (QCM)
- ISOENZYMES. INTERPRETATION DES ZYMOGRAMMES ET APPLICATIONS (QCM)
- MARQUEURS MOLECULAIRES ET BIOTECHNOLOGIES (QCM)
- QUIZ FORMATIF CONTROLE SUR LES BIOTECHNOLOGIES DES PLANTES
إختبار توجيهي للمعرفة في موضوع بيوتكنولوجيات النبات
- ISOENZYMES. Préparation d'extraits enzymatiques (TP)
- ISOENZYMES (TP). Fichier pdf
- Isoenzymes (TD). QCM formatif
- Marqueurs moléculaires. QCM formatif
- Purification de l'ADN pour les marqueurs moléculaires RFLP et PCR
- Electrophorèse. Techniques (cours)
- Marqueurs isoenzymatiques (cours)
- Marqueurs RFLP (RFLP. Fichier pdf)
- Marqueurs basés sur la PCR:
--> Marqueurs
RAPD
--> RAPD (pdf)
--> Marqueurs
SSR ou Microsatellites (pdf)
--> Marqueurs AFLP
Contrôles :
- Examen final du Module (Contrôle blanc) du Moule Biotechnologies et Amélioration des Plantes (2020)
- controle final. Ecrit et Pratique (biotechnologies, sesame, pcr, rapd)
- controle final. Ecrit et Pratique (biotechnologies, sesame, Isoenzymes)
سؤال 1 QUESTION 1. نبتة مهددة بالانقراض تنتج مادة كيميائية يمكن استخدامها لعلاج السرطان. يمكن أن تكون الخطوة الأولى في تطوير علاج السرطان باتباع الإجراءات التالية؟ (اختر خيارًا واحدًا)
An endangered plant that produces a chemical that might be used to cure cancer, has been dicovered. A first step in developing this cancer cure could be to ? (make one choice) (! حصاد جميع النباتات من هذا النوع واستخدامها لعلاج مرضى السرطان
Harvest all of the plants of this species and use them to treat cancer patients)( الحفاظ على الموطن حيث تم العثور على هذا النوع
Preserve the habitat where the species is found)(! القضاء على كل الأنواع التي تأكل هذا النبات
Eliminate every species that eats this plant)(! إدخال أنواع نباتية جديدة ستشارك موطن هذا النبات
Introduce a new plant species that will share the habitat of the plant)
سؤال 1 QUESTION 2. بما له من حيل، كائن دقيق يسخر النبات و بدون عناء لكي تنتج له غذائه ؟
With his intelligence, this microorganism pushs the plants to produce its food ? - choose the correct answer - (!Bacillus thuringiensis)(Agrobacterium tumefaciens)(! Saccharomyces cerevisiae)
سؤال 2 QUESTION 3.في الغالب، تعتمد تقنية كهرتهجير البروتينات على خاصيات:
Predominantly, protein electrophoresis uses molecular criteria: - choose the correct answer
( - التأين الشحنة الكهربائية Electrical charge - ionicity
)(!الوزن Size)(!الشحنة الكهربائية و الوزن Electrical charge and size
)
سؤال 3 QUESTION 4.في الغالب، تعتمد تقنية كهرتهجير الأحماض النووية على خاصيات:
Predominantly, nucleic acid electrophoresis use molecular criteria: - choose the correct answer (!الشحنة الكهربائية Electrical charge
)(الوزن Size)(!الشحنة الكهربائية و الوزن Electrical charge and size)
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